Nearly all of public-key cryptography relies on the assumed difficulty of solving various number-theoretic problems. Recent spectacular developments in cryptography such as fully homomorphic encryption, candidate multilinear maps, and efficient post-quantum lattice-based cryptography have produced a multitude of new algebraic and number-theoretic cryptographic hardness assumptions. Many of these problems are Read more…
Visual simulation methods for natural phenomena involving complex solid and fluid dynamics have been widely applied in digital animation and effects. Computer graphics and computational mechanics have also proved to be a powerful combination for pushing the boundaries of science and engineering in diverse fields such as soil mechanics, geophysics, Read more…
Recent years have witnessed two major trends in the development of complex real-time systems. First, they are moving from physically isolated hosts towards common computing platforms shared by multiple systems. Using common platforms can bring significant benefits, including reduced cost and weight, as well as increased flexibility via dynamic resource Read more…
The Intensive Care Unit of most major hospitals is a noisy environment. In order to monitor patients, healthcare practitioners set threshold alarms on each of many individual vital sign monitors. While nurses themselves rarely consider one vital sign in isolation, the current alarm algorithms elicit numerous false positive alarms by Read more…
Critical care involves the use of two common types of medical devices: monitoring devices, such as bedside monitors; and actuation devices, such as infusion pumps. Traditionally, caregivers need to collect information from the monitoring devices and manually adjust the settings of actuating devices. Patient safety may be compromised if a Read more…
The project aims to develop control systems for ground vehicles that are resilient to a variety of external attacks. Our approach is to combine control-level techniques and code-level techniques, resulting in the approach comprises of two major stages: control law design and control task synthesis. Control-level defenses address attacks on Read more…
Operators of distributed systems often find themselves needing to answer a diagnostic or forensic question. Some part of the system is found to be in an unexpected state; for example, a suspicious routing table entry is discovered, or a proxy cache is found to contain an unusually large number of Read more…
Large, diverse datasets hold tremendous promise, if only we can derive statistical insights from them. But often, these datasets are siloed and withheld, because of privacy concerns. Differential privacy can mitigate these concerns — it provides a strong, attractive privacy guarantee that protects data owners from risks associated disclosure of Read more…
Important decisions such as police deployment, loan approvals, hiring, and parole from incarceration are beginning to be made by machine learning algorithms. This has lent urgency to the question of whether these algorithms are fair. A recent well-publicized analysis of recidivism risk predictions studied NorthPointe’s proprietary COMPAS algorithm used in Read more…
Classical tools for rigorously analyzing data make the assumption that the analysis is static: the models to be fit, and the hypotheses to be tested are fixed independently of the data, and preliminary analysis of the data does not feed back into the data gathering procedure. On the other hand, Read more…